Differences

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--- tutorial-packet-on-pi [2025/11/30 20:32] – n6cta
+++ tutorial-packet-on-pi [2026/01/01 07:07] (current) – [Audio - ALSA, maybe PipeWire, not Pulse] n6cta
@@ Line 9: / Line 9: @@
 N6CTA choose to use Direwolf as the software modem in this series as it appeared to the most performant and stable 300Bd FX.25 soft modem available for Linux. We've also investigated ''QtSoundModem'' and found it to be a little more challenging to use. This is still an imperfect solution as Direwolf doesn’t integrate as cleanly as it could with BPQ’s AGW driver. BPQ treats Direwolf (and all AGW ports) like a KISS TNC instead of allowing the TNC to handle some of the AX.25 stuff it’s good at. WB2OSZ’s OSI comments on why L1 and L2 need to be tightly coupled make a lot of sense and the AGW protocol allows for this kind of behavior but it does not appear to be implemented properly in BPQ.
-==== Why linBPQ: ====
+==== Why linBPQ? ====
 We’ve choosen linBPQ as it is cross-platform, source is made readily available via GitHub, and has a large and active community. One other important reason we chose linBPQ is the ease of which an operator can expand PBBS functionality through telnet.
@@ Line 50: / Line 50: @@
 If you’re undecided about what linux disto to use and you’re on some other hardware, //We recommend plain old Debian.// It’ll run smoothly on just about everything that isn’t in a museum. Just slap it on a USB stick using your OS’s disk imager of choice and let ‘er rip. It’s the DOOM of OS’s.
-//But really we should say a bit more?//
 ==== Directories ====
 We recommend setting up the software with these directories:
 <code>
-cd ~/.local && mkdir bin log src
+cd ~/ && mkdir .local .config
+cd ~/.local && mkdir bin log src share
 cd ~/.local/share/ && mkdir icons
 cd ~/.config && mkdir autostart linbpq direwolf qttermtcp hamlib
@@ Line 102: / Line 100: @@
 <code>
 cd ~/.local/src/
-git clone --branch 24.52 --single-branch https://github.com/g8bpq/linbpq.git
+git clone --branch 24.56 --single-branch https://github.com/g8bpq/linbpq.git
 git clone --branch 1.7 --single-branch https://github.com/wb2osz/direwolf.git
 git clone --branch 0.79 --single-branch https://github.com/g8bpq/QtTermTCP.git
@@ Line 121: / Line 119: @@
 ./configure
 make
-export
 sudo make install
 sudo ldconfig
@@ Line 448: / Line 445: @@
 <code>
-sudo yggdrasil -genconf -json > /etc/yggdrasil/yggdrasil.conf
+yggdrasil -genconf -json > yggdrasil.conf
 </code>
-In the `yggdrasil.conf` file, edit your peers to add:
+In the `yggdrasil.conf` file, edit your peers (typically the second line) to add:
+<code>
   "Peers": ["tls://ip.n6cta.com:60573", "tls://yggdrasil.clitheroe.ca:23277"],
+</code>
 I also strongly advise disabling the multicast interface:
@@ Line 468: / Line 467: @@
   }
+Then copy the file to the correct directory.
+<code>
+sudo cp yggdrasil.conf /etc/yggdrasil/yggdrasil.conf
+</code>
 ===== PBBS Hardening =====
@@ Line 562: / Line 566: @@
 }
-<code>
 pcm.9700RX {
     type dsnoop
@@ Line 587: / Line 590: @@
 }
-pcm.300RX {type rate slave {pcm "plug:RX7300" rate 48000}}
+pcm.300RX {type rate slave {pcm "plug:7300RX" rate 48000}}
-pcm.300TX {type rate slave {pcm "plug:TX7300" rate 48000}}
+pcm.300TX {type rate slave {pcm "plug:7300TX" rate 48000}}
-pcm.1200RX {type rate slave {pcm "plug:RX9700" rate 48000}}
+pcm.1200RX {type rate slave {pcm "plug:9700RX" rate 48000}}
-pcm.1200TX {type rate slave {pcm "plug:TX9700" rate 48000}}
+pcm.1200TX {type rate slave {pcm "plug:9700TX" rate 48000}}
 </code>
 ==== Serial - udev rules ====
@@ Line 657: / Line 660: @@
 ==== Firewall - UFW ====
+We'll need to first make sure we've got IPv6 covered in UFW:
+<code>sudo nano /etc/ufw/ufw.conf</code>
+If it reads no change it to yes and if it is missing altogether, add it to the end of the file.
 <code>
-sudo ufw allow OpenSSH
+IPV6=yes
+</code>
+Next, we'll need to open port 22 so we don't lock ourselves out as well as applying sane defaults and starting the service. If you use a different internal subnet range you'll want to edit this to reflect it:
+<code>
+sudo ufw reload
 sudo ufw default deny incoming
 sudo ufw default allow outgoing
+sudo ufw allow from 192.168.1.0/24 to any port 22 proto tcp
+sudo ufw enable
 </code>
 ==== Systemd Services ====
@@ Line 726: / Line 742: @@
 === Modem - Direwolf ===
-Create file ''/etc/systemd/system/direwolf.service'' with the following contents:
+Create file ''/etc/systemd/system/direwolf.service'' with the following contents, enabled, and started:
 <code>
 [Unit]
@@ Line 746: / Line 762: @@
 WantedBy=multi-user.target
 </code>
+Here the options passed to direwolf are as follows:
+''-a 10'' tells it to report audio levels every 10 seconds, regardless of receiving a packet.
+''-q d'' suppresses messages when decoding APRS packets.
+''-t 0'' disables the text colors, as Direwolf's default is very colorful and can mess up standard terminal colors used elsewhere when it exits incorrectly.
+''-c ...'' tells Direwolf which configuration file to use.  Omitting this will cause it to look for a default file.
 === BBS - linBPQ ===
-Create file ''/etc/systemd/system/linbpq.service'' with the following contents:
+Create file ''/etc/systemd/system/linbpq.service'' with the following contents, enabled, and started:
 <code>
 [Unit]
@@ Line 771: / Line 797: @@
 </code>
+=== Mesh - Yggdrasil ===
+This should have been created and enabled but you can make sure by running:
+<code>
+sudo systemctl enable yggdrasil.service
+sudo systemctl restart yggdrasil.service
+</code>